近日， 美国加州大学伯克利分校Feng Wang团队研究了电子-空穴双层中的电控层间离子流体。2025年10月16日，《科学》杂志发表了这一成果。

 

在量子电子-空穴（e-h）流体中，排斥和吸引的库仑相互作用的结合可以产生多粒子电荷复合物的相关相，如激子、三子和双激子。

 

研究组报道了在范德华异质结构中电控层间离子流体的实验实现。在强耦合的e-h双层中，电子和空穴自发地形成三粒子的三角束缚态。层间三离子可以呈1e-2h和2e-1h构型。研究组证明了在1e-2h三角子中的两个空穴形成自旋单线态，其自旋间隙约为1毫电子伏。通过静电门控，平衡态可以连续地调谐为激子流体、三离子流体、激子-三离子混合物或三离子-电荷混合物。该工作展示了一个研究可调谐玻色-费米混合物相关相位的平台。

 

附：英文原文

 

Title: Electrically controlled interlayer trion fluid in electron-hole bilayers

 

Author: Ruishi Qi, Qize Li, Zuocheng Zhang, Sudi Chen, Jingxu Xie, Yunbo Ou, Zhiyuan Cui, David D. Dai, Andrew Y. Joe, Takashi Taniguchi, Kenji Watanabe, Sefaattin Tongay, Alex Zettl, Liang Fu, Feng Wang

 

Issue&Volume: 2025-10-16

 

Abstract: The combination of repulsive and attractive Coulomb interactions in a quantum electron-hole (e-h) fluid can produce correlated phases of multiparticle charge complexes, such as excitons, trions, and biexcitons. We report an experimental realization of an electrically controlled interlayer trion fluid in van der Waals heterostructures. In strongly coupled e-h bilayers, electrons and holes spontaneously form three-particle trion bound states. The interlayer trions can assume 1e-2h and 2e-1h configurations. We show that the two holes in 1e-2h trions form a spin-singlet with a spin gap of approximately one milli–electron volt. By electrostatic gating, the equilibrium state can be continuously tuned into an exciton fluid, a trion fluid, an exciton-trion mixture, or a trion-charge mixture. Our work demonstrates a platform to study correlated phases of tunable Bose-Fermi mixtures.

 

DOI: adn4584

 

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adn4584