近日，浙江大学狄大卫团队揭示了最小化应变的超稳定锡钙钛矿LED。2026年4月27日出版的《自然—光子学》杂志发表了这项成果。

晶体材料中的应变是指晶格位点偏离其理想平衡位置的偏差。在晶体半导体中，可靠地管理应变对于同时实现高电子质量和结构鲁棒性至关重要。对于金属卤化物钙钛矿而言，材料组成和结晶动力学的复杂性给应变工程带来了巨大挑战，也阻碍了钙钛矿器件的长期稳定性。事实上，尚未有在钙钛矿材料中实现有效应变控制的方法被探索出来。

研究组设计了无铅锡基钙钛矿CsSnI3中的应变分布。通过结合同时蒸发和顺序蒸发钙钛矿前驱体的热蒸发工艺，研究组实现了一种理想条件，使钙钛矿顶部和底部界面的应变从-0.26%最小化至-0.02%。应变工程使得超稳定的无铅钙钛矿发光二极管得以实现，在100 mA cm-2和25 mA cm-2的强电流下，实验测得的工作寿命分别达到1,250小时和3,350小时。该器件在100 mA cm-2下的使用寿命比最稳定的铅基钙钛矿发光二极管长约5倍，比无铅钙钛矿发光二极管长约31倍。该工作有助于解决钙钛矿器件中长期以来在环境友好性与稳定性之间的权衡问题。

附：英文原文

Title: Minimizing strain for ultra-stable tin perovskite LEDs

Author: Tang, Weidong, Zhang, Gan, Xiong, Wentao, Xie, Shenghui, Wang, Haowei, Yang, Yichen, Liu, Pengqi, Ren, Zhixiang, Yuan, Yucai, Yuan, Bo, Hong, Jiawei, Zou, Chen, Yue, Shengying, Zhao, Baodan, Di, Dawei

Issue&Volume: 2026-04-27

Abstract: Strain in crystalline materials refers to the deviation of lattice sites from their ideal equilibrium positions. In crystalline semiconductors, the reliable management of strain is vital for simultaneously achieving high electronic quality and structural robustness. For metal halide perovskites, the complexity of material composition and crystallization dynamics introduces substantial challenges in strain engineering, hampering the long-term stability of perovskite devices. In fact, approaches for effective strain control in perovskite materials are yet to be explored. Here we engineer the strain distribution in the lead-free, tin-based perovskite CsSnI3. Through a combination of simultaneous and sequential thermal evaporation of the perovskite precursors, we achieve an ideal condition in which the strain at the top and bottom interfaces of the perovskite is minimized, from 0.26% to 0.02%. Strain engineering enables ultra-stable lead-free perovskite light-emitting diodes with experimentally measured operational lifetimes of 1,250h and 3,350h under intense currents of 100mAcm2 and 25mAcm2, respectively. The device lifespan (at 100mAcm2) outperforms the most stable lead-based perovskite light-emitting diodes by ~5 times and lead-free perovskite light-emitting diodes by ~31 times. Our work contributes to resolving the long-standing trade-off between eco-friendliness and stability in perovskite devices.

DOI: 10.1038/s41566-026-01901-7

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41566-026-01901-7