近日，美国纽约大学格罗斯曼医学院教授György Buzsáki及其研究团队提出了海马-后压部皮层轴中的子空间通信。相关论文于2026年5月13日发表在《自然》杂志上。

在这里，研究团队通过在行为小鼠的海马-脾脏后皮层（RSC）回路中进行大规模（多达1024个通道）记录来解决这个问题，使它们能够同时访问齿状回（DG）、CA3、CA2、CA1和RSC的尖峰活动。在被称为部分典型相关分析的线性降维技术的基础上，该研究团队确定了两个区域之间的低维通信子空间，同时考虑了来自第三个区域的影响。这些子空间捕获了CA1区域中不同的输入-输出转换，将上游海马活动（DG， CA3和CA2）与下游皮层目标（RSC）联系起来。在空间和非空间任务中，固有的放电特性和解剖位置约束子空间成员-成员被映射到CA3-CA1-RSC轴的深层子层。这些子空间可以重新组合重叠的神经元池，以支持不同经历和大脑状态之间不同的区域间相互作用。在经历后睡眠期间，CA1-CA3亚空间的再激活模式与重播相关，而CA1-RSC则没有，这反映了海马-脾后轴输入-输出转换中的可塑性-稳定性平衡。他们的发现提出了一种模型，在这种模型中，海马体-新皮层的交流可以重新配置预先确定的电路图案，以灵活地编码经验。

据悉，海马体回路将输入转化为下游输出的能力是导航和记忆的基础，但使这种灵活性适应经验的回路层面机制尚不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Subspace communication in the hippocampal–retrosplenial axis

Author: Gonzalez, Joaquin, Vrslakos, Mihly, Aykan, Deren, Soto, Nina, Nitzan, Noam, Swanson, Rachel, Karadas, Mursel, Chen, Zhe Sage, Buzski, Gyrgy

Issue&Volume: 2026-05-13

Abstract: The capacity of hippocampal circuits to transform inputs into downstream outputs is fundamental to navigation and memory, yet the circuit-level mechanisms that enable this flexibility in adapting to experience remain unclear. Here we approach this problem by performing large-scale (up to 1,024 channel) recordings across the hippocampal–retrosplenial cortex (RSC) circuit in behaving mice, enabling simultaneous access to spiking activity in dentate gyrus (DG), CA3, CA2, CA1 and RSC. On the basis of a linear dimensionality-reduction technique known as partial canonical correlation analysis, we identify low-dimensional communication subspaces1 between two regions while accounting for influences from a third area. These subspaces captured distinct input–output transformations in the CA1 region, linking upstream hippocampal activity (DG, CA3 and CA2) to downstream cortical targets (RSC). Intrinsic firing properties and anatomical location constrained subspace memberships—members were mapped to deep sublayers of the CA3–CA1–RSC axis during both spatial and non-spatial tasks. These subspaces could recombine overlapping neuronal pools to support distinct interareal interactions across changing experiences and brain states. Reactivation patterns of CA1–CA3 subspaces, but not those of CA1–RSC, during post-experience sleep correlated with replay, reflecting a plasticity–stability balance in the input–output transformation along the hippocampal–retrosplenial axis. Our findings suggest a model in which hippocampal–neocortical communication reconfigures predetermined circuit motifs to flexibly encode experiences.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-026-10481-z

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10481-z